Sleep apnoea is a respiratory condition where your breathing is interrupted when you are asleep, which can have a big impact on your health and quality of life.
There are three main types:
- obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA)
- central sleep apnoea (CSA)
- complex sleep apnoea (a combination of OSA and CSA)
OSA, the most common type, is caused by airway obstruction, while CSA results from issues with respiratory muscle control. Sleep apnoea can lead to symptoms such as daytime sleepiness, fatigue, mood changes, and disrupted sleep patterns.
OSA is often associated with risk factors like obesity, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Treatment options include lifestyle changes, Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) therapy, and surgery if necessary. Driving restrictions may apply to individuals with moderate to severe OSA due to safety concerns.
Sleep apnoea is closely linked to heart conditions, with both conditions influencing each other's development and severity. Sleep apnoea can worsen existing heart conditions or increase the risk of developing them, including high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, arrhythmias, strokes, and heart attacks. The condition can cause stress on the heart, trigger fluctuations in oxygen levels, and contribute to the formation of plaques in blood vessels. Effective management of sleep apnoea is important for reducing cardiovascular risks and improving overall health outcomes.